My apologies that when I launched this thread, I did not realize that it would be relevant that the Chinese and English are mixed within a paragraph, and even within a single sentence. Notice that the English and Chinese are mixed within a single sentence as well as within a single paragraph. It shows an x-term in which I used the Linux 'cat' command to display a file with mixed Chinese and English. Take a look at the attached screen-capture. Having read your posting, I went to the W3Schools site and studied the 'lang' feature, and dug in more to UTF-8, and related topics.